B028614 - FUNDAMENTALS OF BUILDING DESIGN

The course aims at providing basic knowledge on the building process, on residential building types, on some construction techniques, on the reference regulatory system, essential for the general design of the same. The main topics of the course are:
1. the building process and the planning phase;
2. the building, environmental and technological system;
3. residential building types;
4. construction techniques for residential buildings.

- F. Nuti: EDILIZIA. PROGETTO, COSTRUZIONE, PRODUZIONE. Polistampa ed. Firenze 2010.
- Quaderno del Manuale di progettazione edilizia: "L’edilizia residenziale", Hoepli, ed. Milano 2002;
- Quaderno del Manuale di progettazione edilizia: "Le strutture", Hoepli, ed. Milano 2003;
- Quaderno del Manuale di progettazione edilizia: "Le chiusure verticali", Hoepli, ed. Milano 2003.
- Decreto Legislativo 18/04/2016 n.50: “Attuazione delle direttive 014/23/UE, 2014/24/UE e 2014/25/UE sull'aggiudicazione dei contratti di concessione, sugli appalti pubblici e sulle procedure d'appalto degli enti erogatori nei settori dell'acqua, dell'energia, dei trasporti e dei servizi postali, nonché per il riordino della disciplina vigente in materia di contratti pubblici relativi a lavori, servizi e forniture (Nuovo Codice Appalti)”;
- Norma UNI 8290: "Edilizia residenziale, sistema tecnologico; classificazione e terminologia";
- Norma UNI 10838: "Edilizia - Terminologia riferita all’utenza, alle prestazioni, al processo edilizio e alla qualità edilizia”;
- Regolamento Edilizio di Firenze;
- NTA del Comune di Firenze;
- Legge Regionale Toscana n.65 del 2014;
- Decreto del Presidente della Giunta Regionale n. 64/R del 11.11.2013;
- Superamento delle barriere architettoniche negli edifici residenziali:
• ex L. 13/89 Disposizioni per favorire il superamento delle b.a. (limitatamente al punto 1.1.);
• D.P.R. 380/2001;
• D.M. 236/89 Decreto di attuazione della Legge 13/89 (limitatamente agli artt. 1; 2; 3; 4.1);
• Decreto Del Presidente Della Giunta Regionale (Toscana) 29.07.2009, N. 41/R - Regolamento di attuazione dell’articolo 37, comma 2, lettera g) e comma 3 della legge regionale 3 gennaio 2005, n. 1 (Norme per il governo del territorio) in materia di barriere architettoniche.
- Norme di sicurezza antincendio per edifici di civile abitazione:
• D.M. 30 nov. 83. Allegato A (punti 1; 2; 3, definizioni principali);
• D.M. 246/87 (limitatamente ai punti 1 e 2.0, tabella A).

The general objective of the course is to provide basic knowledge on the building process, on residential building types, on some construction techniques, on the reference regulatory system. In particular, the essential characteristics for the residential buildings’ distribution, functional and construction analysis and the methodological tools for their design will be provided.

The Building design course will allow the student to learn the following knowledge and skills:

Knowledge and ability to understand. 1 – To know and to understand the basic knowledge on the building process, the elements needed for the functional and constructive analysis of residential building types (terraced houses, row house, multi-storey building with common walkways, tower building) and finally the methods and the tools for their design.

Knowledge and ability to practical understand. 1 – To learn the ability to apply the analysis of the environmental and technological building system in order to verify the functional/construction characteristics of the main residential building types. 2 – To acquire the ability to analyse the relationship between the components-structure-systems of residential buildings. 3 – To get the ability to deal with the regulatory system concerning residential buildings such as for instance the barrier-free accessibility and fire prevention.

Ability to draw conclusions and communication skills. 1 – To acquire the ability to design a residential building up to the executive scale, using reinforced concrete structures (and related elements), both pouring on site and partially prefabricated concrete floors with related finishes and various technological solutions for the walls (e.g. ventilated/advanced screen façade, external insulation, etc.). 2 – To get the ability to use construction systems in the building design and to analyse their performance according to the regulatory system. 3 - To learn the ability to use correctly and appropriately the language and terminology of the topic related to the issues addressed.

Autonomy of judgment. 1 – To acquire the ability to independently analyse the technological and environmental system of residential building types, including functional distribution and the distinct feasible structural and technological solutions.

Knowledge related to the Architectural Design, Materials Technology and Technical Physics.

Lectures, Workshops and visits to both construction sites and prefabrication companies.

The exam consists of passing an oral exam.
The oral exam will focus on the entire program carried out during the frontal lectures and it will occur with a series of 2-4 theoretical and/or practical questions. The exam ends with passing the oral exam.
In addition to the theoretical contents transmitted during the lectures, the oral exam allows to verify:

Ability to learn. 1 – Through the lectures, the student acquires the proper knowledge and tools to be able to continue the course of study and to be independent in the update about the discipline.

Knowledge and ability to understand. 1 – Through the lectures, the student becomes aware of the basic knowledge concerning the building process and the design process, acquires the main concepts and definitions concerning the building, environmental and technological system, learns about the methods and design tools from a functional and constructive point of view of simple buildings (residential building types).

Knowledge and ability to practical understand. 1 – Through the lectures, the student acquires the proper knowledge and tools to be able to continue the course of study and to be independent in the update about the discipline.

The course will be developed as follows:
1. The building process: organization of the stages, roles and functions of the operators. The 5 typical steps of the process: Programming, Design, Production, Construction, Control. Typical operators: Client, Designers, Industrial companies in the construction sector, Construction companies, Users. The professional figures involved in the process, with reference to the design and construction phases and to the professional role and responsibility of the civil and construction engineer.
2. The design phase in the building process. General characteristics, methodology, procedures. The different levels of definition of the architectural project: preliminary, definitive, executive project as defined by the Public Works standards. Tasks, operating procedures and responsibilities of the professional engineer.
3. The building system. Building system structure into environmental system and technological system; definition of the 5 sub-systems that make up the technological system: load-bearing structure, external walls, internal partitions, systems, finishes and protections; definition of requirement and performance.
4. Requirements, parameters and regulations for the design of residential buildings:
4.1 Solving problems related to: accessibility, internal mobility, furnishings/equipment, environmental comfort, safety. For the parameters for the design of living spaces:
- House dimensioning
- Orientation
- Combinations in the housing organization
- House organization
- Size of the furnishings and related space of use
- Size of fixed equipment and related space of use
- Basic systems for homes especially referred to the kitchen/bathroom
4.2 Illustrative reference framework at national, regional, city level, in particular:
- Law of the Tuscany Region n.1/2005
- Law of the Tuscany Region n.65/2014
- Building Regulations of the City of Florence:
• General rules and definitions
• General construction requirements
• Specific requirements for residential buildings
- Regulations for free-barrier accessibility (application to residential buildings)
- Fire prevention regulations for residential buildings
5. Building types: definition parameters of the building type, with reference to the residential sector. Illustrative historical example and some cases of modern and contemporary architecture.
6. Distribution and constructive features of residential buildings:
6.1. Terraced houses
- Features of the type
- Layout of the construction site
- Functional model of duplex house
- System layout
- Structural schemes
6.2. Row houses
- Features of the type
- Layout of the construction site
- Distribution of the common model
- Common stair layout
- Functional model of house with different size
- System layout
- Structural schemes
6.3. multi-storey building with common walkways
- Features of the type
- Layout of the construction site
- Distribution of the common model
- Common stair layout
- Functional model of house with different size
- System layout
- Structural schemes
7. Design elements for sustainable buildings.
8. Description of some elements related to construction techniques of:
- Reinforced concrete structures and related components
- Reinforced concrete and hollow tiles mixed floors laying on site and partially prefabricated
- Load-bearing masonry walls
- Finishes for floor slab
- External walls
- Windows